EPiC database - Cold rolled steel CrawfordRobert StephanAndré PrideauxFabian 2019 This material is part of the free Environmental Performance in Construction (EPiC) Database. The EPiC Database contains embodied environmental flow coefficients for 250+ construction materials using a comprehensive hybrid life cycle inventory approach.<br><br>Steel is a ferrous metal and is an alloy of iron and carbon, as well as potential other elements. It has a very high tensile strength. Steel has been used in the construction industry for over a century.<br><br>The core material for making steel is iron, which is found in iron ore. Iron is extracted from iron ore in blast furnaces through the smelting process, while controlling for the content of carbon. The molten steel is usually further processed before being cast for its final use. Cold rolled steel is cooled at room temperature and then annealed or tempered.<br><br>Steel is commonly used in the construction industry, mainly as a structural material. Cold rolled structural steel is used to produce a range of more precise structural elements compared to hot rolled structural steel. These include structural members for trusses and profiles for roof and wall systems.